Impacts of Single and Combined Administration of Ethanol Leave Extracts of Mangifera indica and Gongronema latifoluim on Liver Enzymes and Electrolyte Profile of Male Albino Wistar Rats

Abstract

Investigation of the impacts of single and combined administration of ethanol leaf extracts of Mangifera indica and Gongronema latifolium on the Liver enzymes and electrolyte profile of male albino Wistar rats weighing 185-221 g was carried out for a period of one month. Sixteen animals were randomly grouped into four groups of four rats each. Groups 1 and 3 were treated orally with 200 mg/kg of Mangifera indica and Gongronema latifolium respectively. Group 2 was treated with the combined extracts at 50:50 dosage ratio. Group 4 was not treated and served as control. All animals were allowed free access to commercial rat’s mash and water throughout the treatment period. Results of the serum liver enzymes revealed a significant increase (p<0.05) in AST in group 3 when compared to groups 1 and 2. All significant changes mentioned have a p- value <0.05 Serum ALT and ALP recorded significant increase and decrease respectively in all treatment groups when compared to the control group. A significant increase in the serum ALT and ALP were recorded in group 1 when compared to groups 2 and 3. Serum electrolyte levels revealed a significant increase for potassium (K+) ion in all treatment groups when compared to the control. Group 3 showed significant increase in serum K+ when compared to groups 1 and 2. Group 1 was significantly increased compared to group 2. Serum sodium (Na+) ion recorded significant decrease in group 2 when compared to groups 1, 3 and control. Chloride (Cl-) ion level recorded significant increase in groups 1 and 3 when compared to groups 2 and control. Biocarbonate (HCO3-) levels showed significant increase in groups 1 and 2 when compared to groups 3 and control. These results revealed that leaf extracts of the two plants could alter serum liver enzymes and electrolyte profile in single and combined treatment, however, traditional herbalists should use the plants with strict moderation for the treatment of some ailments.